{"id":7971,"date":"2017-11-17T04:00:17","date_gmt":"2017-11-17T04:00:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7971"},"modified":"2023-04-10T02:54:30","modified_gmt":"2023-04-10T02:54:30","slug":"government-tort-committed-by-the-government-through-an-employee-agent-or-instrumentality-under-its-control","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7971","title":{"rendered":"government tort &#8211; committed by a government employee, agent, or instrumentality:"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 <span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">This page is continued from <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10714\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Civil Law Self-Help<\/a> &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11511\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Section 1<\/a> &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Torts<\/a> &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <span style=\"color: #993300;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10879\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Types of Torts<\/a><\/span>:<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">**********************<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\">government tort<\/span><span style=\"color: #000000;\">:<\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">(1945)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">1. A <a style=\"color: #000000;\" href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=2629\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">tort<\/a> committed by the government through an employee, agent, or instrumentality under its control.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The tort may or may not be actionable, depending on whether the government is entitled to sovereign immunity.\u00a0 A tort action against the US. government is regulated by the Federal Tort Claims Act, while a state action is governed by the state\u2019s tort claims act.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #993300;\">Types of Government Torts:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=6993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">constitutional tort<\/span><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> &#8211; a violation of one&#8217;s constitutional rights by a government officer, redressable by a civil action filed directly against the officer.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11365\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">tortious denial of benefits<\/span><\/a> &#8211; the improper, often baseless refusal to recognize a valid claim for financial assistance.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> \u2014 ak<\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">a\u00a0<\/span><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em><span style=\"color: #800000;\">wrongful denial of benefits<\/span>.\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 18pt;\">Related Terms:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7919\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Tort Claims Acts<\/span><\/a> &#8211; federal and state Acts of Congress that waive <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7598\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">sovereign immunity<\/a>, thus allowing governments to be sued for torts committed by its employees and agents.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: arial, helvetica, sans-serif;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=17938&amp;action=edit\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>Iowa Tort Claims Act (simplified)<\/strong><\/a> &#8211;<\/span><strong> file a claim against the State of Iowa.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11176\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">official misconduct<\/a><\/span> \u2013 public officer\u2019s corrupt violation of assigned duties by <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">malfeasance<\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misfeasance<\/a>, or <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11172\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nonfeasance<\/a>.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>misconduct in office<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>misbehavior in office<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>malconduct in office<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>misdemeanor in office<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>corruption in office<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>official corruption<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>political corruption<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">feasance<\/span><\/a> &#8211; the doing or accomplishment of an act, condition, or obligation.<\/span><\/strong>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">malfeasance<\/a><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 a wrongful, unlawful, or dishonest act; especially, wrongdoing or misconduct by a public official.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misfeasance<\/a><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 the performance of a duty or act which one ought or has a right to do, but in a manner such as to infringe upon the rights of others.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11172\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nonfeasance<\/a><\/span> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u2013 the negligent failure to act when a duty to act exists.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">abuse of power<\/span><\/a> &#8211; misuse or improper exercise one&#8217;s authority in a way that is tortious, unlawful, or outside its proper scope.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">abuse of discretion<\/span><\/a> &#8211; an adjudicator or appellate court&#8217;s failure to exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making, unsupported by the evidence, thereby leading to a <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">denial of justice<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong style=\"text-align: left; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">arbitrary and capricious<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a concept which permits a court to substitute its judgment for that of an administrative agency&#8217;s unreasonable decision which ignores the law or facts of the case.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u2014 aka\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: left; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #800000;\">arbitrary<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">capricious (caprice)<\/span><\/a> &#8211; contrary to the evidence or established rules of law; whimsical rather than logistic.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16860\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">malice exception<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a limit on public officials&#8217; qualified immunity, whereby they can face civil liability for willfully exercising discretion in a way that violates a known or well-established right.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16870\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">qualified immunity<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a public official&#8217;s immunity from <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=15135\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">civil liability<\/a> when performing a discretionary function, as long as the conduct does not violate a clearly established constitutional or statutory right.\u00a0<\/strong>\u2014 aka <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">prima facie privilege<\/span><\/strong><\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">References:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> <strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">All material throughout this website is pertinent to people everywhere, and is being utilized in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=2191\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Use<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"sdfootnote1\" dir=\"LTR\">\n<p align=\"LEFT\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">[1]: <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=5451\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Black&#8217;s Law Dictionary <\/a><\/span><\/strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=5451\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Deluxe Tenth Edition<\/span><\/a><\/em> <strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">by Henry Campbell Black, Editor in Chief Bryan A. Garner. ISBN: 978-0-314-61300-4<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">******************************************<\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Back to <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7037\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Torts<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Back to<\/span>\u00a0<span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11511\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\u00a7 Torts, Breaches of Contract, and Liabilities<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 18pt;\"><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Back to<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10714\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Civil Law Self-Help<\/a><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Like this website?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><a href=\"https:\/\/wildwillpower.org\/contact-us\/wild-willpower-pac-needs-food-outdoor-gear-a-prius-v\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><b>Donate to Wild Willpower PAC<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">or donate via\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><a href=\"http:\/\/www.paypal.com\/\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">PayPal<\/span><\/a><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"western\" align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><ul class=\"ul-addw2p ul-addw2p-paypalbutton\">\n<li>please set some widgets to show from Appearance -> Widgets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/span><\/h4>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.reunitethestates.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/ReUniteTheStates-Card.jpg?resize=474%2C271\" width=\"474\" height=\"271\" name=\"graphics1\" align=\"BOTTOM\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/\">Wild Willpower<\/a>\u00a0does not condone the actions of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OglrzNohp3Q\">Maximilian Robespierre<\/a>, however the above quote is excellent!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<div id=\"Section1\" dir=\"LTR\">\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This website is being broadcast for\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/about-wild-willpower\/a-peaceable-assembly-of-civilians\">First Amendment purposes<\/a>\u00a0courtesy of<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/about-wild-willpower\/a-peaceable-assembly-of-civilians\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.reunitethestates.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Wild-WIllpower-array-of-greens.jpg?resize=474%2C83\" width=\"474\" height=\"83\" name=\"graphics2\" align=\"BOTTOM\" border=\"2\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Question(s)?\u00a0 Suggestion(s)?<br \/>\nEmail Distance@WildWillpower.org.<br \/>\n<\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">We look forward to hearing from you!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from Civil Law Self-Help &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Section 1 &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Torts &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Types of Torts: ********************** government tort: (1945) 1. A tort committed by the government through an employee, agent, or instrumentality under its control.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The tort may or may not be actionable, depending on whether the government is entitled to &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7971\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">government tort &#8211; committed by a government employee, agent, or instrumentality:<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":10879,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-7971","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7971","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=7971"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7971\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17970,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/7971\/revisions\/17970"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10879"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=7971"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}