{"id":5223,"date":"2017-08-16T02:22:40","date_gmt":"2017-08-16T02:22:40","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=5223"},"modified":"2017-08-16T02:22:40","modified_gmt":"2017-08-16T02:22:40","slug":"rule-9-pleading-special-matters-2","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=5223","title":{"rendered":"Rule 9 – Pleading Special Matters"},"content":{"rendered":"

(a)\u00a0Capacity or Authority to Sue; Legal Existence<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\u00a0In General.<\/em>\u00a0Except when required to show that the court has jurisdiction, a pleading need not allege:<\/span><\/p>\n

(A) a party\u2019s capacity to sue or be sued;<\/span><\/p>\n

(B) a party\u2019s authority to sue or be sued in a representative capacity; or<\/span><\/p>\n

(C) the legal existence of an organized association of persons that is made a party.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\u00a0Raising Those Issues.<\/em>\u00a0To raise any of those issues, a party must do so by a specific denial, which must state any supporting facts that are peculiarly within the party\u2019s knowledge.<\/span><\/p>\n

(b)\u00a0Fraud or Mistake; Conditions of Mind<\/strong>. In alleging fraud or mistake, a party must state with particularity the circumstances constituting fraud or mistake. Malice, intent, knowledge, and other conditions of a person\u2019s mind may be alleged generally.<\/span><\/p>\n

(c)\u00a0Conditions Precedent<\/strong>. In pleading conditions precedent, it suffices to allege generally that all conditions precedent have occurred or been performed. But when denying that a condition precedent has occurred or been performed, a party must do so with particularity.<\/span><\/p>\n

(d)\u00a0Official Document or Act<\/strong>. In pleading an official document or official act, it suffices to allege that the document was legally issued or the act legally done.<\/span><\/p>\n

(e)\u00a0Judgment<\/strong>. In pleading a judgment or decision of a domestic or foreign court, a judicial or quasi-judicial tribunal, or a board or officer, it suffices to plead the judgment or decision without showing jurisdiction to render it.<\/span><\/p>\n

(f)\u00a0Time and Place<\/strong>. An allegation of time or place is material when testing the sufficiency of a pleading.<\/span><\/p>\n

(g)\u00a0Special Damages<\/strong>. If an item of special damage is claimed, it must be specifically stated.<\/span><\/p>\n

(h)\u00a0Admiralty or Maritime Claim<\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n

(1)\u00a0How Designated.<\/em>\u00a0If a claim for relief is within the admiralty or maritime jurisdiction and also within the court\u2019s subject-matter jurisdiction on some other ground, the pleading may designate the claim as an admiralty or maritime claim for purposes of\u00a0Rules 14(c)<\/a>,\u00a038(e)<\/a>, and\u00a082<\/a>\u00a0and the\u00a0Supplemental Rules for Admiralty or Maritime Claims and Asset Forfeiture Actions<\/a>. A claim cognizable only in the admiralty or maritime jurisdiction is an admiralty or maritime claim for those purposes, whether or not so designated.<\/span><\/p>\n

(2)\u00a0Designation for Appeal.<\/em>\u00a0A case that includes an admiralty or maritime claim within this subdivision (h) is an admiralty case within 28 U.S.C. \u00a71292(a)(3).<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

(a)\u00a0Capacity or Authority to Sue; Legal Existence. (1)\u00a0In General.\u00a0Except when required to show that the court has jurisdiction, a pleading need not allege: (A) a party\u2019s capacity to sue or be sued; (B) a party\u2019s authority to sue or be sued in a representative capacity; or (C) the legal existence of an organized association of … Continue reading Rule 9 – Pleading Special Matters<\/span> →<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4940,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-5223","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5223","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=5223"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5223\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5224,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/5223\/revisions\/5224"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4940"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=5223"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}