{"id":4813,"date":"2017-08-12T01:10:59","date_gmt":"2017-08-12T01:10:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=4813"},"modified":"2017-08-12T01:10:59","modified_gmt":"2017-08-12T01:10:59","slug":"rule-23-jury-or-nonjury-trial","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=4813","title":{"rendered":"Rule 23. Jury or Nonjury Trial"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>(a) <strong>Jury Trial<\/strong>. If the defendant is entitled to a jury trial, the trial must be by jury unless:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1) the defendant waives a jury trial in writing;<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(2) the government consents; and<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(3) the court approves.<\/p>\n<p>(b) <strong>Jury Size<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(1) <em>In General<\/em>. A jury consists of 12 persons unless this rule provides otherwise.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(2) <em>Stipulation for a Smaller Jury<\/em>. At any time before the verdict, the parties may, with the court\u2019s approval, stipulate in writing that:<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">(A) the jury may consist of fewer than 12 persons; or<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 60px;\">(B) a jury of fewer than 12 persons may return a verdict if the court finds it necessary to excuse a juror for good cause after the trial begins.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\">(3) <em>Court Order for a Jury of 11<\/em>. After the jury has retired to deliberate, the court may permit a jury of 11 persons to return a verdict, even without a stipulation by the parties, if the court finds good cause to excuse a juror.<\/p>\n<p>(c) <strong>Nonjury Trial<\/strong>. In a case tried without a jury, the court must find the defendant guilty or not guilty. If a party requests before the finding of guilty or not guilty, the court must state its specific findings of fact in open court or in a written decision or opinion.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>(a) Jury Trial. If the defendant is entitled to a jury trial, the trial must be by jury unless: (1) the defendant waives a jury trial in writing; (2) the government consents; and (3) the court approves. (b) Jury Size. (1) In General. A jury consists of 12 persons unless this rule provides otherwise. (2) &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=4813\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Rule 23. Jury or Nonjury Trial<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":4740,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-4813","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4813","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4813"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4813\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4814,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4813\/revisions\/4814"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/4740"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4813"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}