{"id":16899,"date":"2018-07-09T15:37:23","date_gmt":"2018-07-09T15:37:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16899"},"modified":"2018-07-09T18:57:08","modified_gmt":"2018-07-09T18:57:08","slug":"color-of-law-crimes-related-terms","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16899","title":{"rendered":"Color of Law Crimes &#8211; related terms:"},"content":{"rendered":"<div><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=6964\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Criminal Law Self-Help Walkthrough<\/a> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt;<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10395\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Types of Crimes and Corresponding Laws<\/a>\u00a0&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=12560\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Color of Law Crimes (Abuse of Authority)<\/a>:<\/span><\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span style=\"color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/div>\n<div style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\">*****************************<\/span><\/div>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16906\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">state action<\/span><\/a> &#8211; action by state or local government, or conduct sanctioned\u00a0by state or local authorities, such as the enforcement of a restrictive covenant; such action may potentially violate a person&#8217;s rights.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Related Terms:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11176\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">official misconduct<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a public officer&#8217;s violation of duty by malfeasance, misfeasance, or nonfeasance.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11164\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">feasance<\/a><\/span> &#8211; the doing or accomplishment of an act, condition, or obligation.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">malfeasance<\/a><\/span> &#8211; a wrongful, unlawful, or dishonest act; especially, wrongdoing or misconduct by a public official.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11169\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">misfeasance<\/a><\/span> &#8211; the performance of a duty or act which one ought or has a right to do, but in a manner such as to infringe upon the rights of others.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11172\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">nonfeasance<\/a><\/span> &#8211; the negligent failure to act when a duty to act exists.<\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16765\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">abuse of power<\/span><\/a> &#8211; misuse or improper exercise one&#8217;s authority in a way that is tortious, unlawful, or outside its proper scope.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">abuse of discretion<\/span><\/a> &#8211; an adjudicator or appellate court&#8217;s failure to exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making, unsupported by the evidence, thereby leading to a <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16769\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">denial of justice<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong style=\"text-align: left; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">arbitrary and capricious<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a concept which permits a court to substitute its judgment for that of an administrative agency&#8217;s unreasonable decision which ignores the law or facts of the case.\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u2014 aka\u00a0<\/span><strong style=\"text-align: left; line-height: 1.5;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em><span style=\"color: #800000;\">arbitrary<\/span><\/em><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16780\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">capricious (caprice)<\/span><\/a> &#8211; contrary to the evidence or established rules of law; whimsical rather than logistic.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16860\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">malice exception<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a limit on public officials&#8217; qualified immunity, whereby they can face civil liability for willfully exercising discretion in a way that violates a known or well-established right.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16870\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">qualified immunity<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a public official&#8217;s immunity from <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=15135\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">civil liability<\/a> when performing a discretionary function, as long as the conduct does not violate a clearly established constitutional or statutory right.\u00a0<\/strong>\u2014 aka <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">prima facie privilege<\/span><\/strong><\/em>.\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16757\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">abuse of process<\/span><\/a>\u00a0&#8211; improper, intentional, tortious use of civil or criminal process to obtain a result that is either unlawful or beyond the purpose for which such process was designed.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">abuse of legal process<\/span><\/strong><\/em>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">malicious abuse of process<\/span><\/strong><\/em>; <em><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong>malicious abuse of legal process<\/strong><\/span><\/em>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">wrongful process<\/span><\/strong><\/em>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">wrongful process of law<\/span><\/strong><\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=7637\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">malicious arrest<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong> \u2013 causing an arrest by maliciously bringing a suit upon false charges, or maliciously making a \u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=12853\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">false affidavit<\/a>, or arresting without <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=14059\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">probable cause<\/a> for an improper purpose.<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16819\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">malicious defense<\/span><\/a> &#8211; defendant&#8217;s use of unfair, harassing, or illegal tactics to advance a frivolous or unmeritorious defense.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16859\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">discovery abuse<\/span><\/a> &#8211; misuse of the pretrial discovery process, especially by<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>(1) requesting unnecessary information;<\/b><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>(2) requesting information for an improper purpose; or<\/b><\/span><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>(3) <\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 18.6667px;\"><b>failing<\/b><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><b>\u00a0to respond adequately to a proper discovery request.<\/b><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u2014 aka\u00a0<\/span><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><em>abuse of discovery<\/em><\/span><\/strong><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><em>.<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=8092\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">sanctions tort<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a means of recovery for another party&#8217;s <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16859\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">discovery abuse<\/a>, whereby the judge orders the abusive party to pay a fine to the injured party for the discovery violation.<\/span><\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"text-align: left;\"><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16805\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">vexatious suit<\/span><\/a> &#8211; instituted maliciously and without good grounds, meant to create trouble and expense for the party being sued.<\/span><\/strong> <span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u2014 aka<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> vexatious litigation<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">;<\/span><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> vexatious lawsuit<\/span><\/strong><\/em><\/span><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">;<\/span><em><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"> vexatious proceeding<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/em><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Related Types of Torts:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=7971\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">government tort<\/span><\/a> &#8211; committed by the government through an employee, agent, or instrumentality under its control.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=6993\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">constitutional tort<\/span><\/a> &#8211; a violation of one&#8217;s constitutional rights by a government officer, redressable\u00a0by a civil action filed directly against the officer.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #993300;\">Filing a Claim Against an Agent or Agency:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=11184\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Tort-Claims Act<\/a><\/span> &#8211; <\/strong><strong>a federal or state statute that, under stated circumstances, waives sovereign immunity and allows lawsuits by people who claim they have been injured by the government or its agents and employees; these laws typically require the prospective plaintiff to file a claim before starting litigation, giving the government an opportunity to engage in discovery and, sometimes, settle.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from Criminal Law Self-Help Walkthrough &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Types of Crimes and Corresponding Laws\u00a0&gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Color of Law Crimes (Abuse of Authority): \u00a0 ***************************** state action &#8211; action by state or local government, or conduct sanctioned\u00a0by state or local authorities, such as the enforcement of a restrictive covenant; such action may potentially violate &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=16899\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Color of Law Crimes &#8211; related terms:<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":12560,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-16899","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16899","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16899"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16899\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16908,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/16899\/revisions\/16908"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/12560"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16899"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}