{"id":13938,"date":"2018-02-15T04:35:00","date_gmt":"2018-02-15T04:35:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13938"},"modified":"2018-03-02T04:21:54","modified_gmt":"2018-03-02T04:21:54","slug":"subversion","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13938","title":{"rendered":"Subversion – the process of overthrowing, destroying, or corrupting the government, often through infiltration to undermine domestic policy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from Criminal Law Self-Help<\/a> >>>> Various Crimes and Corresponding Laws<\/a>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

************************<\/p>\n

subversion<\/span>:<\/span><\/strong>
\n(14c)<\/span><\/p>\n

1. The process of overthrowing, destroying, <\/span><\/strong>or corrupting<\/strong> <subversion of legal principles> <subversion of the government>. <\/strong>[1]<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Subversive activities.\u00a0<\/strong> See<\/span> subversive<\/em><\/strong><\/span>. [2]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Excerpt from T. Wyckoff’s War by Subversion <\/em>(1960):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cSubversion can succeed where diplomacy has failed. Subversion exceeds the bounds of diplomacy in that it employs methods which diplomacy abhors; it does not wince at assassination, riot, pillage, and arson, if it believes these to be useful in the attainment of its ends.\u00a0 Subversion is a form of war.\u00a0 It may include the use of propaganda . . . to sway the thinking and action of influential social groups, especially attempting to discredit the leadership of the target area, labeling it as the \u2018tool\u2019 of . . . any convenient target for emotional hatred.\u00a0 By inflaming passion, the purveyors of violent propaganda can stir up peaceful citizens so that in minutes they are transformed into a terrifying mob.\u00a0 The art of subversion has developed the technique of the <\/span><\/span>manipulation of mobs to a high degree.<\/span>\u201d <\/span><\/strong>[4]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Excerpts from Ann Van Wynen Thomas & A.J. Thomas Jr.’s The Concept of Aggression in International Law<\/em><\/a> (1972):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cPrior to World War II, subversive activities were thought to cover cases where states attempted to achieve certain political ends of fomenting civil strife in another state or by supporting rebellion against the legally established government of another state by giving to the rebels supplies of personnel, training facilities, war materials, or munitions and by engaging in hostile propaganda against the victim state and its government. . . . By the beginning of World War II, the concept of subversion had been expanded to include the attempt of one state to weaken or overthrow the government of another by means of infiltration of its governmental apparatus with conspirators<\/a> who strongly opposed the domestic policy of their own government and willingly served as clandestine instruments in the conduct of an alien state\u2019s foreign policy.\u00a0 But with increased militancy of modern ideologies, . . . subversive activities are no longer seen in many quarters as advancing the foreign policy of a nation or nations, but rather are thought to advance universal human values, i.e., the specific ideological theory adhered to.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u201cToday, the term subversion designates all illegal activities, whether direct or indirect, overt or covert, conducted under the auspices of a state and designed to overthrow the established government or vitally disrupt the public order of another state.\u00a0 Subversion combines psychological, political, social, and economic actions, as well as active military or paramilitary operations, and it is generally a sustained, long-run, intermeshed, and coordinated process.\u00a0 Consequently, it is usually impossible to place acts of subversion into neat little categorical definitions.\u00a0 Subversion, being a technique of opportunity, is successful mainly in areas where social and political revolution is at least incipient.<\/span>\u201d<\/span><\/strong> [5]<\/span><\/p>\n

subversive<\/span>:<\/span><\/strong>
\nnoun<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n

1. One who seeks to undermine and overthrow established authority of the government.\u00a0 An organization that teaches and advocates the overthrow of government by force or violence. Adler v Board of Education<\/em>, 342 US 485, 96 L Ed 517, 72 S Ct 380, 27 ALR2d 472<\/span>.<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n

Adjective<\/em>: Undermining the foundation of government. Mere personal abstention from violence, or even from violent language, does not secure immunity from deportation as a subversive alien<\/span>, if the result of the gentlest and most guarded speech is to advocate or teach that subversion which is condemned by statute.\u00a0 The \u201cphilosophic\u201d anarchist is an anarchist nevertheless. United States ex rel. Georgian v Uhl<\/em> (CA2 NY) 271 F 676, cert den 256 US 701, 65 L Ed 1178, 41 S Ct 623<\/span>.<\/strong>
\nSee sedition<\/em>; treason<\/em>. <\/span><\/p>\n

subversive alien<\/span> –<\/strong> See subversive<\/em>. [2]<\/span><\/p>\n

subversive activity<\/span> –<\/strong> (1939) A pattern of acts designed to overthrow a government by force or other illegal means.<\/strong> [1]<\/span><\/p>\n

McCarran Act<\/span> – A 1950 federal statute requiring, among other things, members of the Communist party to register with the Attorney General and requiring Communist organizations to provide the government with a list of its members.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The Act was passed during the Cold War.\u00a0 over the years, the U.S. Supreme Court declared various portions of the Act unconstitutional, but it was not fully repealed until 1993.\u00a0 <\/strong>See, e.g., U.S. v Spector<\/em>, 343 U.S. 169, 72 S.Ct. 591 (1952)<\/span><\/strong>; Aptheker v. Secretary of State<\/em>, 378 U.S. 500, 84 S.Ct. 1659 (1964)<\/span><\/strong>; U.S. v. Robel<\/em>, 389 U.S. 258, 88 S.Ct. 419 (1967)<\/span><\/strong>. \u2014 aka McCarran Internal Security Act<\/strong><\/span><\/em>; Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950<\/span><\/em>.<\/strong> [1]<\/span><\/p>\n

18 U.S.C ch. 115<\/span> – TREASON, SEDITION, AND SUBVERSIVE ACTIVITIES<\/span><\/strong><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

References:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> All material throughout this website is compiled in accordance with Fair Use<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]: Black\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0Deluxe Tenth Edition\u00a0by Henry Campbell Black & Editor in Chief Bryan A. Garner<\/a>. ISBN: 978-0-314-62130-6<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[2]: Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0<\/a><\/b><\/span><\/strong>with Pronunciations
\n<\/b><\/span><\/em>Third Edition<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>by James A. Ballantine\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/strong>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/em>Edited by William S. Anderson.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a9 1969 by THE LAWYER\u2019S CO-OPERATIVE PUBLISHING COMPANY.\u00a0 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 68-30931<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[3]:\u00a0\u00a0Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary <\/a><\/b><\/span><\/strong>Legal Assistant Edition<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/em>
\nby Jack Ballantine\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/strong>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/em>Doctored<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em>by\u00a0Jack G. Handler,\u00a0J.D.<\/a>\u00a0\u00a9 1994 Delmar by Thomson Learning.\u00a0 ISBN 0-8273-4874-6.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[4]: T. Wyckoff, War by Subversion<\/em>, 59 South Atlantic Q. 36 (1960).<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[5]: Ann Van Wynen Thomas & A.J. Thomas Jr.’s The Concept of Aggression in International Law<\/em><\/a> 7243, 80-81 (1972):<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

*******************************<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Back to Various Crimes and Corresponding Laws<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Back to Criminal Law Self-Help<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Home Page<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

Like this website?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Please Support Our Fundraiser<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n

or donate via\u00a0PayPal<\/a>:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n