{"id":13563,"date":"2018-02-10T05:52:05","date_gmt":"2018-02-10T05:52:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13563"},"modified":"2023-04-16T22:36:59","modified_gmt":"2023-04-16T22:36:59","slug":"hearing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13563","title":{"rendered":"Hearing &#8211; a judicial session, usually open to the public, held for the purpose of deciding issues of fact or of law, sometimes with witnesses testifying"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\">\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13488\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Court Proceedings<\/a> &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13493\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Criminal Proceedings<\/a> &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13136\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Phases of a Criminal Court Proceedings<\/a>:<\/span><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\">***********************<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\">hearing<\/span>:<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> (13c)<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. A judicial session, usually open to the public, held for the purpose of deciding issues of fact or of law, sometimes with witnesses testifying<\/strong> &lt;the court held a hearing on the admissibility of DNA evidence in the murder case&gt;<strong>.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>judicial hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>2. In legislative practice, any proceeding in which legislators or their designees receive testimony about legislation that might be enacted<\/strong> &lt;the shooting victim spoke at the Senate\u2019s hearing on gun control&gt;<strong>.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>3.<\/strong> <em>Equity practice<\/em>. <strong>A trial.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>4.<\/strong> <em>English law<\/em>. ORAL ARGUMENT. [1]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. A term originating in equity but almost as familiar in present-day law actions.\u00a0 A prerequisite to a finding of facts.\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #800000;\">Re Anderson, 191 Or 49, 229 P2d 633, 2301\u20192d 770, 29 ALR2d 1051, 1073<\/span>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>A constitutional right of one accused of crime. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">21 Am J 2d Crim L \u00a7 309<\/span>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>An essential of due process of law. <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Denver v State Invest. Co<\/em>. 49 Colo 244. 112 P 789<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div class=\"text_exposed_show\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>The presentation and consideration of proofs and arguments, and determinative action with respect to the issue. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">Re Enger, 225 Minn 229, 30 NW2d 694, 1 ALR2d 1048<\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Handlon v Belleville<\/em>, 4 NJ 99, 71 A2d 624, 16 ALR2d 1118<\/span>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Either an interlocutory hearing, the purpose of which is to get the case into such shape that it may, in the end, be properly heard and finally adjudicated on the merits, or the final hearing in which the case is absolutely determined. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">27 Am J2d Equity \u00a7 235<\/span>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>The presentation of a case or defense before an administrative agency, with opportunity to introduce evidence in chief and on rebuttal, and to cross-examine witnesses, as may be required for a full and true disclosure of the facts. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">2 Am J2d Admin L \u00a7 397<\/span>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>An arbitration at which the arbitrators are present to hear the persons whose rights are affected, such persons having been given notice and opportunity to be heard. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">5<\/span> <span style=\"color: #800000;\">Am J2d Arb &amp; A \u00a7 122<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Where statute provides for a \u201chearing,\u201d the term necessarily implies the power to administer some adequate remedy.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> See<span style=\"color: #800000;\"> <strong><em>Adams v Shelbyville<\/em>, 154 Ind 467, 57 NE 114<\/strong><\/span>.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> See <em>final hearing<\/em>; <em>rehearing<\/em>; <em>rehearing on appeal<\/em>; <em>trial<\/em>. [2]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. A proceeding in which evidence is introduced and witnesses are examined so that findings of fact can be made and a determination rendered.\u00a0 Although, in a general sense, all trials can be said to be hearings, not all hearings are trials.\u00a0 The difference is in the degree of formality each requires, with the rules of procedure being more relaxed in hearings.<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> <strong>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 A hearing may be conducted by a court, an administrative agency, arbitrator, or a committee of the legislature, as well as by many other public bodies.\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> See <em>administrative hearing<\/em>; <em>fair hearing<\/em>; <em>final hearing<\/em>; <em>public hearing<\/em>; <em>rehearing<\/em>. [3]<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 24pt; color: #993300;\"><strong>Various Types of Hearings:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\">\u00a0interlocutory hearing<\/span>:<\/span><br \/>\n<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>Any hearing for the purpose, not of an ultimate determination and final adjudication, but to obtain a presentation of the case in such a form that it may, in the end, be properly heard and adjudicated finally on the merits. <span style=\"color: #800000;\">27 Am J2d Eq \u00a7 235<\/span>.<\/strong> [2]<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 14pt;\">Types of Hearings<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Pertaining solely to Evidence:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">audibility hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1973) <strong>A pretrial or in-chambers assessment of whether an audio recording will be understandable by to jurors without their undue speculation about its content.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">evidentiary hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1952) <strong>1. A hearing at which evidence is presented, as opposed to a hearing at which only legal argument is presented.\u00a0<\/strong> 2. See ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">exclusionary hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1963) <strong>A pretrial hearing con<\/strong><strong>ducted to review and determine the admissibility of alleged illegally obtained evidence.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 14pt;\">Types of Hearings<\/span><\/strong><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\">Pertaining solely to Criminal Law:<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13587\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">preliminary hearing<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; any number of &#8220;Probable Cause Hearings&#8221; to determine if there&#8217;s sufficient evidence to hold trial, or if any evidence ought be suppressed due to 4th Amendment violation:.<\/span><\/strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>preliminary examination<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>probable-cause hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>bindover hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>examining trial<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>felony hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13591\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Mapp<\/em> hearing<\/span><\/a> <span style=\"color: #000000;\">&#8211; held to determine whether evidence implicating the accused was obtained as a result of an illegal search and seizure, and should therefore be suppressed.<\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 14pt;\">Types of Hearings<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">pertaining solely to Witnesses:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #ff00ff;\">deposition hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> <strong>A witness\u2019s out-of-court testimony under oath before a judge or officer of the court, usually given because the witness will be unable to attend proceedings in court.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">bifurcated hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1951) <strong>A multipart (especially a two-part) hearing, the first part of which is to establish one requirement and the second part of which is to establish another, etc.\u00a0 *\u00a0 In a <em>Wade<\/em> hearing (see WADE HEARING), for example, it may be necessary to establish either a lack of suggestiveness in a lineup or an independent source for the identification.\u00a0 Only if the first (lack of suggestiveness) is not established will the second (independent source of identification) become necessary.\u00a0 Some judges refer to such a two-stage hearing as \u201cbifurcated.\u201d<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">conformity hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0 (1970) <strong>1. A court-ordered hearing to determine whether the <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13533\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">judgment<\/a> or <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13541\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">decree<\/a> prepared by the prevailing party conforms to the decision of the court.\u00a0 2. A hearing before a federal agency or department or determine whether a state-submitted plan complies with the requirements of federal law.\u00a0 *\u00a0 This type of hearing is common in cases involving social services.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">contested hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1872) <strong>A hearing in which at least one of the parties has <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=8159\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">objections<\/a> regarding one or more matters before the court.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Curcio<\/em> hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> <strong>A hearing conducted when an attorney has an apparent conflict of interest so that the defendant <\/strong><strong>may choose whether to make an informed, knowing, and intelligent waiver of the right to conflict-free counsel. <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>US. v. Curcio<\/em>, 680 F.2d 881, 888 (2d Cir. 1982)<\/span>.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13578\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Daubert <\/em>hearing<\/span><\/strong><\/a><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>conducted by federal district courts, usually before trial, to determine whether proposed expert testimony meets the federal requirements for relevance and reliability.\u00a0 <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Daubert v. Merrell Dow Pharms, Inc<\/em>., 509 U.S. 579, 113 S.Ct. 2786 (1993)<\/span>.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">directions hearing <\/span>&#8211;<\/strong> <strong>A hearing at which the court reviews the management of a case and sets the timetable for the next steps in the preparation for trial.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>\u00a0<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<div id=\"js_o\" class=\"_5pbx userContent _22jv _3576\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">full hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (17c) <strong>1. A hearing at which the parties are allowed notice of each other\u2019s claims and are given ample opportunity to present their positions with evidence and argument.\u00a0 2.<\/strong> See ADMINISTRATIVE PR0CEEDING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">guardianship hearing<\/span> &#8211; A hearing at which a court determines whether a person or the person\u2019s estate needs to be protected by a third party because the person is a minor or is unable to manage his or her affairs because of incapacity.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">hearing de novo<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (18c) <strong>1. A reviewing court\u2019s decision of a matter anew, giving no deference to a lower court\u2019s findings. 2. A new hearing of a matter, conducted as if the original hearing had not <\/strong><strong>taken place.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">hearing on the merits<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (18c)<strong> A formal proceeding before a judge who hears testimony under the rules of evidence and makes a final decision in the case.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Jackson-Denno<\/em> hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> (1965) <strong>A court proceeding, held outside the jury&#8217;s presence to determine whether the defendant&#8217;s confession was voluntary and therefore admissible as evidence.<span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em> Jackson v. Denno<\/em>, 378 U.S. 368, 84 S.Ct. 1774 (1964)<\/span>.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">Jackson v. Denno hearing<\/span><\/strong><\/em>.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"js_o\" class=\"_5pbx userContent _22jv _3576\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">presentence hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> See PRESENTENCE HEARING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">pretrial hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0 See PRETRIAL CONFERENCE.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">public hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (18c) <strong>A hearing that, within reasonable limits, is open to anyone who wishes to observe.\u00a0 *\u00a0 Such a hearing is often characterized by the right to appear and present evidence in a case before impartial tribunal.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div id=\"js_o\" class=\"_5pbx userContent _22jv _3576\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\">\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">sentencing hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> See PRESENTENCE HEARING.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<div id=\"js_o\" class=\"_5pbx userContent _22jv _3576\" data-ft=\"{&quot;tn&quot;:&quot;K&quot;}\">\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">trial-type hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0 See ADMINISTRATIVE PROCEEDING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">uncontested hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1926) <strong>A hearing in which either<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 30px;\"><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>(1) the parties are in agreement as to all matters before the court, or<br \/>\n(2) one of the parties has failed to appear despite notice.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">unfair hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1915) <strong>A hearing that is not conducted in accordance with due process, as when the defendant is denied the opportunity to prepare or consult with counsel.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Wade<\/em> hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> See WADE HEARING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"><em>Youngblood<\/em> hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1981) <strong>A hearing to determine the circumstances in which evidence was destroyed. <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Arizona v, Youngblood<\/em>, 488 U. S 51 (1998)<\/span>.\u00a0<\/strong> See SPOLIATION.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">hearing examiner<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong>\u00a0 See ADMINISTRATIVE-LAW JUDGE. [1]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. The title of the person ho functions as a judge with respect to an administrative hearing.\u00a0 In some cases, and in the federal system, the title of administrative law judge is used instead.<\/strong> [3]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">hearing officer<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1925) <strong>1.<\/strong> ADMINISTRATIVE-LAW JUDGE.\u00a0 2<strong>. See<\/strong> <em>judicial officer<\/em> (3) under OFFICER (1). [1]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. An examiner in an administrative proceeding, similar to an auditor or Special master in a plenary action. 2 Am J2d Admin L \u00a7407.<\/strong> [2]<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><strong>1. Same as hearing examiner, although in some circumstances, a hearing officer, unlike a hearing examiner, does not have the powers to adjudicate, her authority being limited to making recommendations to the appropriate administrative<\/strong> agency.<\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"> \u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See <em>administrative law judge<\/em>. [3]<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #993300;\">Types of Hearing pertaining to<br \/>\n<span style=\"font-size: 18pt;\">Cases involving Motor Vehicles:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">fatality hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (2005) <strong>A public-safety proceeding, often held before an administrative-law judge of the department of motor vehicles, to determine the cause of a traffic death and to consider the suspension or revocation of a driver&#8217;s license.\u00a0 <\/strong>Cf. SAFETY HEARING.<\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: 18pt; color: #993300;\">Types of Hearings pertaining to Family Law:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"> adjudication hearing<\/span> &#8211; 1. In child-abuse and neglect proceedings, the trial stage at which the court hears the state\u2019s allegations and evidence and decides whether the state has the right to intervene on behalf of the child. 3. In a juvenile-delinquency case, a hearing at which the court hears evidence of the charges and makes a finding of whether the charges are true or not true.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>adjudicatory hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>adjudicatory proceeding<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>adjudicative hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">custody hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1935) <em>Family law<\/em>. <strong>A judicial examination of the facts relating to child custody, typically in a divorce or separation proceeding.\u00a0 *\u00a0 Child-neglect and dependency matters are also often dealt with in custody hearings.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>custody proceeding<\/strong><\/em><\/span>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">detention hearing<\/span> &#8211; 1.<\/strong> <em>Family law<\/em>. <strong>A hearing held by a juvenile court to determine whether a juvenile accused of delinquent conduct should be detained, continued in confinement, or released pending an adjudicatory hearing.<\/strong>\u00a0 Cf. <em>adjudication hearing<\/em>; <em>disposition hearing<\/em>. 3. See shelter hearing.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">disposition hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1960) <em>Family law<\/em>. <strong>1. In child. abuse and neglect proceedings, after an adjudication hearing at which the state proves its allegations, a hearing at which the court hears evidence and enters orders for the child\u2019s care, custody, and control.\u00a0 *\u00a0 Typically, the judge determines a plan for services aimed at reunifying or rehabilitating the family.\u00a0 2. In a juvenile delinquency case, after an adjudication hearing at which the state proves its case against the juvenile or after a juvenile\u2019s pleading true to the charges against him, a hearing at which the court determines what sanctions, if any, will be imposed on the juvenile.\u00a0 *\u00a0 At a disposition hearing, the court balances the best interests of the child against the need to sanction the child for his or her actions. If the juvenile is adjudicated a delinquent, the probation staff prepares a social history of the youth and his family and recommends a disposition.\u00a0 After reviewing the social history and various recommendations, the court enters a disposition.\u00a0 Among the possible juvenile sanctions are a warning, probation, restitution, counseling, or placement in&#8217;a juvenile-detention facility.\u00a0 Probation is the most common sanction.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>dispositional hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.\u00a0 3. See <em>permanency hearing<\/em>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">permanency hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1832) <em>Family law<\/em>. <strong>Under the Adoption and Safe Families Act, a judicial proceeding to determine the future, permanent status of a child in foster care.\u00a0 *\u00a0 Under the Act, the term permanency hearing replaces the term disposition hearing. The permanency hearing must occur within 12 months of a <\/strong><strong>child\u2019s being placed in foster care.\u00a0 The purpose of the hearing is to determine the final direction of the case, whether that means going forward with termination proceedings or continuing plans for family reunification. <\/strong>\u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>permanency-planning hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">neglect hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1952) <em>Family law<\/em>.<strong> A judicial hearing involving alleged child abuse or some other situation in which a child has not been properly cared for by a parent or person legally responsible for the child\u2019s care.\u00a0 *\u00a0 At issue is the civil culpability of the parent or responsible party and the possible loss of children into foster care or in extreme cases \u2014 the termination of parental rights.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">review hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong><em> Family law.<\/em> <strong>After a finding of child <\/strong><strong>abuse or neglect, a hearing to assess the progress in the case plan.\u00a0<\/strong> See CASE PLAN.~<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">shelter hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1975) <em>Family law<\/em>. <strong>A hearing shortly after the state\u2019s removal of a child for suspected abuse or neglect.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The hearing, generally held within 24 to 72 hours after the removal, is for the purpose of determining whether the state has adequate cause to maintain the children in protective care.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>shelter-care hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>continued-custody hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>preliminary protective hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>probable-cause hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>detention hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><strong><em>dependency hearing<\/em><\/strong><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">termination-of-parental-rights hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1973) <em>Family law. <\/em><strong>A trial or court proceeding, usually initiated by a state agency, that seeks to sever the legal ties between a parent and child, usually so that the child can be adopted.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The standard of proof in a termination-of-parental-rights hearing is clear and convincing evidence. <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Santasky v. <\/em><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em>Kramer,<\/em> 455 US. 745. 102 S.Ct. 1388 (1982)<\/span>.<\/strong> \u2014 Abbr. <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>TPR hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>. \u2014 Often shortened to <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>termination hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 18pt;\">Types of Administrative Hearings:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">hearing <\/span>&#8211;<\/strong> <em>Administrative law.<\/em> <strong>Any setting in which an affected person presents arguments to a decision-maker<\/strong> &lt;a hearing on zoning variations&gt;<strong>.<\/strong><br \/>\n<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt; color: #000000;\"><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">a<\/span><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">dministrative proceeding<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong>(1841) <strong>A hearing, inquiry, investigation, or trial before an administrative agency, usually adjudicatory in nature, but sometimes quasi-legislative.<\/strong> \u2014 aka <span style=\"color: #800000;\"><em><strong>evidentiary hearing<\/strong><\/em><\/span>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">full hearing<\/span><\/strong><\/em>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">trial-type hearing<\/span><\/strong><\/em>; <em><strong><span style=\"color: #800000;\">agency adjudication<\/span><\/strong><\/em>. <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">adjudication hearing<\/span> &#8211;<\/strong> (1947) <strong>1.<\/strong> <em>Administrative law<\/em>. <strong>An agency proceeding in which a person\u2019s rights and duties are decided after notice and an opportunity to be heard.<\/strong> See<\/span> <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10542\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>procedural due process<\/strong><\/a><span style=\"color: #000000;\">.\u00a0 Cf. disposition hearing.\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300; font-size: 18pt;\">Hearings pertaining to Bankruptcy Cases:<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\"><strong>discharge hearing<\/strong><\/span><strong> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> (1927) <em>Bankruptcy<\/em>. <strong>A hearing at which the court informs the debtor either that a discharge has been granted or the reasons why a discharge has not been granted.\u00a0<\/strong> <\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000000; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff; font-size: 18pt;\">reaffirmation hearing<\/span> &#8211;\u00a0<\/strong> (1979) <em>Bankruptcy<\/em>. <strong>A hearing at which the debtor and a creditor present a reaffirmation of a dischargeable debt for the court&#8217;s approval.\u00a0 *\u00a0 The reaffirmation hearing is usually held simultaneously with the discharge hearing.<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">References:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"> All material throughout this website is compiled in accordance with <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=2191\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fair Use<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>[1]: <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=5154#sdfootnote1anc\" name=\"sdfootnote1sym\">Black\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0Deluxe Tenth Edition\u00a0by Henry Campbell Black &amp; Editor in Chief Bryan A. Garner<\/a>. ISBN: 978-0-314-62130-6<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>[2]: <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=9167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0<\/a><\/b><\/span><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=9167\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>with Pronunciations<br \/>\n<\/b><\/span><\/em><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Third Edition<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/a><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>by James A. Ballantine\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/strong><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/em><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Edited by William S. Anderson.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a9 1969 by THE LAWYER\u2019S CO-OPERATIVE PUBLISHING COMPANY.\u00a0 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 68-30931<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>[3]:\u00a0\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=7679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary <\/a><\/b><\/span><\/strong><em><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\/?page_id=7679\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Legal Assistant Edition<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/em><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b><br \/>\nby Jack Ballantine\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/strong><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/b><\/span><\/em><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawyeredu.org\/what-is-a-juris-doctorate-degree.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>Doctored<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/strong><em><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<\/span><\/em><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\"><b>by\u00a0Jack G. Handler,\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.lawyeredu.org\/what-is-a-juris-doctorate-degree.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">J.D.<\/a>\u00a0\u00a9 1994 Delmar by Thomson Learning.\u00a0 ISBN 0-8273-4874-6.<\/b><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #000000;\"><span style=\"font-size: medium;\">*******************************<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Back to <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13143\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Types of Pleas (criminal law)<\/a><\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Back to<\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"> <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Types of <\/a><\/span><\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13145\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><em><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Pleas<\/span><\/em><strong><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"> and <\/span><\/strong><em><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Pleadings<\/span><\/em><\/a><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #993300;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Back to <\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=6964\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Criminal Law Self-Help<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Home Page<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff00ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Like this website?<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/wildwillpower.org\/contact-us\/wild-willpower-pac-needs-food-outdoor-gear-a-prius-v\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Please Support Our Fundraiser<\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">or donate via\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.paypal.com\/\">PayPal<\/a>:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<h4 class=\"western\" align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\"><ul class=\"ul-addw2p ul-addw2p-paypalbutton\">\n<li>please set some widgets to show from Appearance -> Widgets.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/span><\/h4>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.reunitethestates.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/ReUniteTheStates-Card.jpg?resize=474%2C271\" width=\"474\" height=\"271\" name=\"graphics1\" align=\"BOTTOM\" border=\"0\" \/><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><span style=\"font-size: large;\">Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/\">Wild Willpower<\/a>\u00a0does not condone the actions of\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=OglrzNohp3Q\">Maximilian Robespierre<\/a>, however the above quote is excellent!<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><strong><span style=\"font-size: large;\">This website is being broadcast for\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/about-wild-willpower\/a-peaceable-assembly-of-civilians\">First Amendment purposes<\/a>\u00a0courtesy of<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #000080;\"><a href=\"http:\/\/www.wildwillpower.org\/about-wild-willpower\/a-peaceable-assembly-of-civilians\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i2.wp.com\/www.reunitethestates.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/08\/Wild-WIllpower-array-of-greens.jpg?resize=474%2C83\" width=\"474\" height=\"83\" name=\"graphics2\" align=\"BOTTOM\" border=\"1\" \/><\/a><\/span><\/p>\n<p align=\"CENTER\"><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">Question(s)?\u00a0 Suggestion(s)?<br \/>\nDistance@WildWillpower.org.<br \/>\n<\/span><em><span style=\"font-size: x-large;\">We look forward to hearing from you!<\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 This page is continued from &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Court Proceedings &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Criminal Proceedings &gt;&gt;&gt;&gt; Phases of a Criminal Court Proceedings: *********************** hearing: (13c) 1. A judicial session, usually open to the public, held for the purpose of deciding issues of fact or of law, sometimes with witnesses testifying &lt;the court held a hearing on the admissibility &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=13563\" class=\"more-link\">Continue reading <span class=\"screen-reader-text\">Hearing &#8211; a judicial session, usually open to the public, held for the purpose of deciding issues of fact or of law, sometimes with witnesses testifying<\/span> <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":13488,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-13563","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13563","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=13563"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13563\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":18572,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13563\/revisions\/18572"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/pages\/13488"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=13563"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}