{"id":10150,"date":"2017-12-04T20:10:29","date_gmt":"2017-12-04T20:10:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10150"},"modified":"2017-12-04T23:57:12","modified_gmt":"2017-12-04T23:57:12","slug":"embracery","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/reunitethestates.org\/?page_id=10150","title":{"rendered":"Embracery (tampering) – the crime of attempting to corrupt, influence, instruct, or induce a judge or jury other than by evidence or arguments in open court (i.e. threats, bribes); “jury-tampering”"},"content":{"rendered":"

tampering with jury<\/span>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. Contracting a member or members of a jury for the purpose of influencing their actions as jurors, sometimes including bribery or corruption.\u00a0 39 Am J1st New Tr \u00a7 105<\/span>. <\/strong>[1]<\/span><\/p>\n

jury tampering<\/span>:<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

1. <\/strong>See tampering.<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

tampering<\/span>:<\/span><\/strong>
\nn<\/em>. (17c)<\/span><\/p>\n

1. Altering; meddling; making uninvited changes.\u00a0 The word does not necessarily imply criminal conduct.\u00a0 However, tampering with evidence <\/em>(altering evidence), tampering with a jury <\/em>(attempting to influence jurors other than through evidence admitted in a court of law), tampering with a witness <\/em>(attempting to influence a witness’s testimony), or tampering with consumer products <\/em>(adulteration of food, medicine, etc.) are examples of criminal tampering.<\/span><\/strong> [2]<\/span><\/p>\n

1. The act of altering a thing, especially the act of illegally altering a document or product, such as written evidence or a consumer good.\u00a0 <\/span><\/strong>See<\/span> Model Penal Code \u00a7\u00a7 224.4, 241.8; USCA \u00a7 1365<\/span>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

2. The act or an instance of engaging in improper or underhanded dealings, especially in an attempt to influence.\u00a0 *\u00a0 Tampering with a witness or jury is a criminal offense.<\/strong> [3]<\/span><\/p>\n

embracery<\/span>:<\/strong><\/span>
\n(15c)<\/span><\/p>\n

1. The crime of attempting to corrupt, influence, instruct, or induce a jury in any way, except by the evidence an the arguments of counsel in open court, to be more favorable to one side of a case than the other.\u00a0 26 Am J2d Embr \u00a7 1<\/span>.<\/strong> [1]<\/span>
\n\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 See obstructing justice. <\/em>[2]<\/span><\/p>\n

1. The attempt to corrupt or wrongfully influence a judge or juror, especially by threats or bribery.<\/strong> \u2014 also spelled imbracery<\/strong><\/span>. \u2014 <\/em>aka jury-tampering<\/em><\/strong><\/span>; laboring a jury<\/em><\/strong><\/span>.[3]<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Excerpt from Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce’s Criminal Law<\/em><\/a> (3d. ed. 1982):<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 “The word “embracery”… has tended to disappear.\u00a0 It is included in some fo the codes but the tendency has been to divide this common-law offense into two parts, placing that which is appropriate thereto in sections on bribery and the remainder in provisions dealing with obstruction of justice.<\/span>“<\/strong> [4]<\/span><\/p>\n

2. The procuring for oneself or another a place on a jury, with the purpose of affecting the outcome.<\/strong> [3]<\/span><\/p>\n

References:<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

Disclaimer:<\/span><\/span><\/strong> All material throughout this website is pertinent to people everywhere, and is being utilized in accordance with Fair Use<\/a>.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[1]:\u00a0Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/strong>with Pronunciations<\/strong>
\n<\/span><\/em>Third Edition<\/span><\/strong><\/a>\u00a0by James A. Ballantine\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Edited by William S. Anderson.\u00a0\u00a0\u00a9 1969 by THE LAWYER\u2019S CO-OPERATIVE PUBLISHING COMPANY.\u00a0 Library of Congress Catalog Card No. 68-30931<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[2]: Ballantine\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/strong>Legal Assistant Edition<\/strong><\/a>\u00a0<\/span><\/em>by Jack Ballantine\u00a0<\/span><\/strong>(James Arthur 1871-1949).\u00a0\u00a0<\/span><\/em>Doctored<\/span><\/a><\/strong>\u00a0<\/span><\/em>by\u00a0Jack G. Handler,\u00a0J.D.<\/a>\u00a0\u00a9 1994 Delmar by Thomson Learning.\u00a0 ISBN 0-8273-4874-6.<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[3]: Black\u2019s Law Dictionary\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/strong>Deluxe Tenth Edition<\/b><\/span><\/a><\/em>\u00a0<\/span>by Henry Campbell Black, Editor in Chief Bryan A. Garner. ISBN: 978-0-314-61300-4<\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n

[4]: <\/span>Rollin M. Perkins & Ronald N. Boyce,<\/span> Criminal Law <\/em><\/a>552 (3d. ed. 1982)<\/strong><\/p>\n

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