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Disclaimer – Terms of Service:

Last updated: July 17, 2023

     Read these Terms of Use (“Terms”, “Terms of Use”) carefully before using the https://reunitethestates.org website (the “Service”) operated by Wild Willpower (“us”, “we”, or “our”).

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Service

      This webpage constitutes a grassroots attempt to make the justice system more accessible for the average civilian. Information throughout this page does not constitute legal advice, nor should it be construed a replacement thereof. The information contained on this website is for informational purposes only.  Some information may be incorrect or out of date.  The author assumes no responsibility or liability for any errors or omissions in the content of this site. The information contained in this site is provided on an “as is” basis with no guarantees of completeness, accuracy, usefulness or timeliness. We make no representation or warranty with respect to the information on this site. This webpage is being broadcast for First Amendment purposes, and represents a good-faith attempt to assist fellow civilians in finding justice for when they cannot find help from an attorney or from government agencies.  Our use of all content is being used explicitly for noncommercial purposes, and is protected in accord with Fair Use laws. To help us improve the website, or to point out somewhere it may need fixed or amended, email [email protected].  By continuing to read this website, you are thereby using our Service, within the scope and understanding as defined here.

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Contact Us

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Getting Started

     Chances are, if you found this website, you were wronged in some way – or maybe you saw something happen that wasn’t right.  You can’t find an attorney, or maybe you’re just looking for legal term definitions neatly organized so you can find what you’re looking for.

 

     “Lost is our simplicity of times, The world abounds with laws, and teems with crimes.”

– Anonymous [1]

References:

Used for Fair Use purposes.

[1]:  Image of The Thinker: The Thinker Statue in Rodin Museum France · Free Stock Photo – PEXELS. https://www.pexels.com/photo/the-thinker-statue-in-rodin-museum-france-6486112/.

[2]: Thesaurus of Quotations by Edmund Fuller.  Copyright1941 by Crown Publishers.

Home Page

Civil Law Self-Help

     This page is continued from Getting Started:

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i. Civil Law and Criminal Law
are very different from one another:

     Most people tend to be more familiar with the criminal law system, than they are the civil law system: if you’ve ever been given a ticket or arrested — youve encountered a criminal proceeding.  If you’re unsure the difference, please read the article

Civil Law and Criminal Law;
what’s the difference?

Step-by-Step:

    Civil law is much different: think of it as “civilian law” in that it generally deals with violations against the rights of civilians; if that brings you a spark of hope, it should!  Some incidents may be tried in a criminal proceeding (where the government is the prosecutor) and in a civil proceeding (where the citizen(s) is the plaintiff).

 1.) Assess Your Case

2.) Provide Notice, then file a Claim

3.) Commence an Action; the Civil Proceedings

4.) The Appeal Process

 References:

Lady Liberty image: Taylor, Alan. “The Statue of Liberty: Standing at America’s Gateway.” The Atlantic, Atlantic Media Company, 5 July 2013, https://www.theatlantic.com/photo/2013/07/the-statue-of-liberty-standing-at-americas-gateway/100546/.

Criminal Law Self-Help

     This page is continued from Getting Started >>>> How to Navigate this Site >>>> Civil Law and Criminal Law – what’s the difference?:

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What is a Crime?

     A crime is a wrongful act that the state or federal government has identified as a crime because it injures or interferes with the interest of society.  Crimes are identified within a publicly-accessible, fixed body of statutes (penal codes, ordinances, building codes, etc.) called laws, which are enforced by officers. 

   A criminal case is a criminal proceeding.  The accused is called a ‘defendant”.  The victim is:

  • the person who has been hurt.
  • the state.
  • other governmental agency (i.e. city, county, etc.).

     The charges are brought by the government.  If the defendant loses, the defendant must serve a sentence.  A fine is paid to the government and there is possible restitution to the victim. [1]

When Criminal Activity causes a Tort,
the Case can be Tried as Civil and Criminal:

     Laws which are likely to violate civil rights are a liability against taxpayers; such laws can be challenged and overturned via following the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (see Rule 5.1).

     When an officer violates a civilian’s rights, it is called a Constitutional tort (a type of tort). 

     If the officer violated procedure and commit a crime, it is called a color of law crime.  If the (county, city, state, federal, tribal, etc.) agency did not properly train or vet the officer, the agency can be held accountable via filing a claim.

Fair Administration of Justice:

     The judicial branch must apply the existing laws to each individual situation, to be sure justice is administered fairly.  This includes punishing those who are guilty of breaking the law, and keeping the rest of the community safe from crime.  

     At the U.S. District Court level, the government is represented by the United States Attorney (or an Assistant United States Attorney), also called the prosecuting attorney.

The 6th Amendment Guarantees
Right to Counsel:

     “In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy and public trial, by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses against him; to have compulsory process for obtaining witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense.

      Anyone accused of a federal felony has a right to be assisted by a lawyer for every step of the process, even if they can’t afford one.  (A felony is a crime carrying a jail term of more than one year.)   The defendant can retain, or hire, their own defense attorney, or they may have one appointed for them if they financially unable to hire an attorney for their defense.  In many cases, the appointed attorney will be from the Federal Public Defenders Office.  Defendants are also allowed to represent themselves, and this is called pro se[2]

Various Types of Laws:

code – the published statutes of a jurisdiction, arranged in a systematic form by chapters and sections. — aka consolidated law.

  • penal code the published criminal statutes of a jurisdiction, usually defining and categorizing offenses, and setting forth their respective punishments. — aka criminal code.
  • Model Penal Code a proposed criminal code prepared jointly by the Commission on Uniform State Laws and the American Law Institute, used as the basis for criminal-law revision by many states. — Abbr. MPC.
  • Uniform Commercial Code governs commercial transactions (i.e. sales, leases, negotiable instruments, deposits and collections, letters of credit, bulk sales, warehouse receipts, bills of lading and other documents of title, investment securities, and secured transactions). — Abbr. UCC.
  • United States Code – the official codification of general and permanent laws enacted by congress. — Abbr. USC.

court rules – regulations having the force of law and governing practice and procedure in the various courts.

ordinance an authoritative law or decree; specifically, a municipal regulation, especially one that forbids or restricts an activity.

policy A standard course of action that has been officially established by an organization, business, political party.

  • public policy the policy (course of action) in relation to the administration of the law, to protect and promote the general welfare of the public.

statute a legislation (aka act or law) enacted by any lawmaking body, such as a legislature, administrative board, or municipal court.

Varying Degrees of Crimes:

felony a serious crime usually punishable by imprisonment for more than one year or by death. (i.e. burglary, arson, rape, murder, treason, robbery, larceny). — aka major crime; serious crime.

misdemeanor – a crime less serious than a felony, usually punishable by fine, penalty, forfeiture, or confinement (usually a brief term) in jail (rather than prison). — aka minor crime; summary offense.

infraction a violation, usually of a rule, regulation, or local ordinance, not punishable by incarceration.

offense synonymous with “crime.” — aka criminal offense.

Legal Terms used to help Classify Crimes:

aggravated made worse or more serious by circumstances such as violence, the presence of a deadly weapon, or the intent to commit another crime.

  • simple (of a crime) not accompanied by aggravating circumstances.

conspiracy an agreement by two or more persons to commit an unlawful act, coupled with an intent to achieve the agreement’s objective, including any action or conduct that furthers the agreement.

corrupt subverting the instrumentalities of government to personal profit; impeding or obstructing the administration of justice.

malice intent to commit a wrongful act; reckless disregard of the law or of a person’s legal rights. malicious, vb.

unjust enrichment unlawful, unjustifiable retention of property, without consent from the transferor(s), for which the beneficiary must make restitution or recompense.

Various Crimes
and Corresponding §§ of the U.S. Code:

     Select any of the following broad categories for specific crimes and corresponding laws:

color of law crimes when government employees abuse their authority or deprive a person’s rights under “color” or *appearance* of law.

election fraud and electioneering – includes sections on gerrymandering and lobbying.

environmental crimes – statutory offenses involving harm to air, water, or soil quality, or the harming of endangered species.

homicide – the killing of a human being by another, under any circumstances.

 

obstruction of justice impeding or hindering the administration of justice in any way (i.e. fabricating or destroying evidence, witness-tampering, or threatening or intimidating a judge, bribing a juror). — aka obstructing justice; obstructing public justice; perverting the course of justice; interfering with the administration of justice; obstructing the administration of justice; obstructing the course of justice; defeating the due course of justice; defeating the ends of justice; attempting to pervert the course of justice.

fraud a knowing misrepresentation or concealment of a material fact made to induce another to part with anything of value or surrender some legal right.  i.e. – election fraud.

theft taking something to which one is not entitled, by whatever means (i.e. robbery, burglary, embezzlement, extortion, fraud).

unlawful detainer the unjustifiable retention of the possession of real property by one whose original entry was lawful.

racketeering a pattern of illegal activity (i.e. bribery, extortion, fraud, murder) carried out as part of an enterprise (i.e. crime syndicate) that is owned or controlled by the conspirators.

treason attempting to overthrow one’s state or the United States, either by making or inciting war against the government or by materially supporting its enemies.

trespass a misfeasance, transgression, or offense which damages another’s person, health, reputation, or property.

  • burglary breaking and entering any building with the intent to commit a felony (i.e. larceny, murder).

subversion the process of overthrowing, destroying, or corrupting the government, often by infiltrating the government to undermine domestic policy.

Types of Punishments:

fine – a monetary penalty imposed as punishment upon a person convicted of a crime.

forfeiture a divestiture of property without compensation, in consequence of a default or an offense.

restitution in cases of unjust enrichment (i.e. fraud, theft), compensation paid by a criminal to a victim, ordered as part of a sentence or as a condition of probation.

Types of Pleadings in Criminal Cases:

criminal complaint a formal charge accusing a person of having commit a criminal offense.

indictment the formal written accusation of a felony, made by a grand jury and presented to a court for prosecution against the accused person.

information a formal criminal charge made by a prosecutor without a grand-jury indictment; technically, an accusation of the commission of a crime, otherwise known as a complaint or affidavit.

References:

Disclaimer: All material throughout this website is compiled in accordance with Fair Use.

Featured Image of Lady Justice from article, “Speaking of Allegory,” by David Scott: https://dtldobsvtn.wordpress.com/2011/05/26/speaking-of-allegory/

[1]: LawHelp.org, GeorgeLegalAid.org, “The Difference between Torts and Crimes” by: Carl Vinson Institute of Government, University of Georgia:  www.georgialegalaid.org/resource/the-difference-between-torts-and-crimes

[2]: Judicial Learning Center, “What Courts Do; Criminal Cases”:  http://judiciallearningcenter.org/types-of-court-cases/

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Back to Home Page

 

Dictionary of Legal Terms

   The following links contain thousands of legal terms that can be searched through.

Judicial Proceedings, general terms

Property and Ownership

Contracts, Agreements, and Legal Terms

Legal Terms pertaining to Indian Country

List of Essential Terms

 

 

References:

Image credit (Fair Use):  “445,066 Books Stock Photos, Images & Pictures.” 445,066 Books Stock Photos – Free & Royalty-Free Stock Photos from Dreamstime, https://www.dreamstime.com/photos-images/books.html.

 

Government Accountability

     This page is continued from Home Page:

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    Below is a list series of links related to holding government officials and agencies accountable. The following does not constitute legal advice: it is merely a compilation of these otherwise, often scattered segments of the law. 

color of law crimes abuse of authority by government employees.

  • extortion the unlawful taking by an officer of the law, by color of his office, of any money or thing of value not due to him, or taking more than is due, or taking it before it is due.

I was arrested!  was it lawful or unlawful?

government tort committed by a government employee, agent, or instrumentality.

  • Tort Claims Actsfederal and state Acts of Congress that waive sovereign immunity, thus allowing governments to be sued for torts committed by its employees and agents.
  • official misconduct a public officer’s violation of duty by malfeasance, misfeasance, or nonfeasance.
  • Regarding “sovereign immunity” – note that, although a government official may not be held liable if acting within the scope of their duty, the government itself may still be liable – see Tort Claims Acts.
  • abuse of discretion an adjudicator (judge) or appellate court’s failure to exercise sound, reasonable, and legal decision-making, unsupported by the evidence.  – aka denial of justice.
    • arbitrary and capricious a concept which permits a court to substitute its judgment for that of an administrative agency’s unreasonable decision which ignores the law or facts of the case

Election Fraud and Electioneering set of crimes pertaining to.

subversion the process of overthrowing, destroying, or corrupting the government, often by infiltrating the government to undermine domestic policy.

References:

Image credit (Fair Use): “7,483 Clenched Fist Stock Vector Illustration and Royalty Free Clenched Fist Clipart.” 123RF, https://www.123rf.com/clipart-vector/clenched_fist.html.

About this Website

   Thus far, this legal self-help website has been compiled by Sondra Wilson, Executive Director of Wild Willpower PAC, in an attempt to make our complex legal system simpler to access for the average person. 

    As Lincoln stated, “The People are the rightful masters of the Courts… not to overthrow the people who uphold the Constitution – but those who pervert it.”  How can we be the “rightful masters”, however, when the system is so complex it is nearly impossible to use without the help of an attorney?

     This website is being developed in the true sense of the First Amendment: to spread vital information to fellow Citizens.  This website is not intended as legal advice nor to replace an attorney: it is here to help inform Citizens so they may better communicate their legal matter to others – whether when speaking to an attorney, or taking their case pro se (themselves, without an attorney).

      Copyrighted materials used throughout this site are used in accordance with Fair Use, “for educational purposes”. A variety of source material is used everywhere possible, and more are to be added.  For more information, view our bibliography.

     To help build this site, please make a campaign contribution to Wild Willpower PAC at www.WildWillpower.org. Thank you!

Contact: [email protected].

 

References:

Image credit (Fair Use): “Shaking Money Hand Vector Royalty Free Techflourish – Apreton De Manos PNG PNG Image: Transparent PNG Free Download on Seekpng.” SeekPNG.com, https://www.seekpng.com/ipng/u2t4y3u2y3i1r5a9_shaking-money-hand-vector-royalty-free-techflourish-apreton/.